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  1. GABAergic Signaling and SST Interneurons Boost Dendritic Calcium Influx
    Neuron ·In Vitro Study · May 15, 2026

    GABAergic Signaling and SST Interneurons Boost Dendritic Calcium Influx

    A new study in mice reveals how specific GABA-A receptors and somatostatin-expressing interneurons can paradoxically enhance neuronal calcium signalin

  2. Parkinson's Dementia Risk Lower, Later Than Prior Estimates
    Annals of Neurology ·Cohort Study · May 15, 2026

    Parkinson's Dementia Risk Lower, Later Than Prior Estimates

    New data from the Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative refines understanding of cognitive decline prevalence and progression.

  3. Macaque V1 Neuron Activity Links Internal States to Reaction Time, Perceptual Choice
    Nature Neuroscience ·Animal Study · May 15, 2026

    Macaque V1 Neuron Activity Links Internal States to Reaction Time, Perceptual Choice

    New research in macaque monkeys reveals how primary visual cortex neuron membrane potential dynamically influences visual task performance.

  4. Familial Brain Pattern Similarity Links to Psychotic Disorder Risk in Offspring
    PubMed ·Cohort Study · May 15, 2026

    Familial Brain Pattern Similarity Links to Psychotic Disorder Risk in Offspring

    A new index quantifying cortical thickness similarity between parents with psychosis and their offspring correlates with psychiatric diagnoses.

  5. Acute Kidney Injury Predicts Increased Risk of Stroke and Dementia
    Neurology ·Meta-Analysis · May 15, 2026

    Acute Kidney Injury Predicts Increased Risk of Stroke and Dementia

    A meta-analysis of 11 million patients links acute renal insults to a 35% higher stroke risk and nearly fivefold 90-day poststroke mortality.

  6. Intracranial Recordings Map Immediate and Distal Neural Responses to Magnetic Stimulation
    Brain ·Systematic Review · May 15, 2026

    Intracranial Recordings Map Immediate and Distal Neural Responses to Magnetic Stimulation

    A review of human and primate data shows single-pulse TMS excites neurons in 2 milliseconds and modulates networks for up to 40 minutes.

  7. Digital Interventions Improve Eating Disorder Symptoms and Comorbid Mental Health
    JAMA Psychiatry ·Meta-Analysis · May 14, 2026

    Digital Interventions Improve Eating Disorder Symptoms and Comorbid Mental Health

    A meta-analysis of 36 trials shows digital tools offer consistent, durable benefits for core eating disorder symptoms and associated mental health con

  8. Memory Deficits Persist in Multiple Sclerosis Despite Preserved Processing Speed
    Brain ·Cohort Study · May 14, 2026

    Memory Deficits Persist in Multiple Sclerosis Despite Preserved Processing Speed

    Modern treatment eras show a shift where cognitive slowing is no longer the primary deficit in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis.

  9. Current Late-Life Depression Linked to Specific Right Hippocampal Subregion Volume Reductions
    PubMed ·Cross-Sectional Study · May 14, 2026

    Current Late-Life Depression Linked to Specific Right Hippocampal Subregion Volume Reductions

    A new study details distinct hippocampal volume alterations in currently depressed older adults, differentiating them from remitted states.

  10. REM Sleep EEG Slowing Linked to Cholinergic Denervation in Older Adults
    Molecular Psychiatry ·Cohort Study · May 14, 2026

    REM Sleep EEG Slowing Linked to Cholinergic Denervation in Older Adults

    Specific REM sleep electroencephalogram patterns correlate with brain cholinergic integrity, potentially aiding early diagnosis in Alzheimer's disease

  11. Maternal Fasting in Mice Induces Schizophrenia-Related Phenotypes
    Molecular Psychiatry ·Animal Study · May 14, 2026

    Maternal Fasting in Mice Induces Schizophrenia-Related Phenotypes

    A mouse model links transient fasting during early gestation to epigenetic changes and altered neural circuitry in offspring.

  12. Focal Brain Lesions Pinpoint Common OCD Network and Treatment Targets
    Biological Psychiatry ·Cohort Study · May 14, 2026

    Focal Brain Lesions Pinpoint Common OCD Network and Treatment Targets

    A systematic review identifies a shared brain network in lesional and primary OCD, aligning with neuroimaging and neuromodulation sites.

  13. Habenula Hyperconnectivity in Autism Linked to Social Deficits
    Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging ·Cohort Study · May 14, 2026

    Habenula Hyperconnectivity in Autism Linked to Social Deficits

    A large-scale rs-fMRI study identifies specific habenula functional connectivity alterations in autistic individuals, impacting social motivation.

  14. Age, Sex, and Initial Diagnosis Shape Mental Disorder Trajectories
    JAMA Psychiatry ·Cohort Study · May 14, 2026

    Age, Sex, and Initial Diagnosis Shape Mental Disorder Trajectories

    A large Danish cohort study details how initial diagnosis, age, and sex influence diagnostic shifts and healthcare utilization.

  15. FDA-Approved Therapies and Multidisciplinary Care Extend Survival in ALS
    JAMA ·Narrative Review · May 14, 2026

    FDA-Approved Therapies and Multidisciplinary Care Extend Survival in ALS

    New clinical data highlight the role of genetic testing and targeted therapies in managing progressive motor neuron degeneration.

  16. FGF14 Repeat Expansions Identified in Patients with Parkinson's Disease
    Brain ·Cohort Study · May 14, 2026

    FGF14 Repeat Expansions Identified in Patients with Parkinson's Disease

    Long-read sequencing reveals that a genetic variant linked to ataxia also occurs in patients meeting clinical criteria for Parkinson's.

  17. Cerebrotendinous Xanthomatosis Drives Recurrent Stroke After PFO Closure
    Neurology ·Case Report · May 13, 2026

    Cerebrotendinous Xanthomatosis Drives Recurrent Stroke After PFO Closure

    A 23-year-old's recurrent M1 occlusion reveals how metabolic drivers of premature atherosclerosis can mimic or coexist with structural defects.

  18. Accelerated Deep TMS Protocols Show High Remission Rates in Depression
    Molecular Psychiatry ·Randomized Controlled Trial · May 13, 2026

    Accelerated Deep TMS Protocols Show High Remission Rates in Depression

    A randomized trial finds that 10-day accelerated deep TMS protocols achieve 42% to 50% remission rates, exceeding pharmacotherapy alone.

  19. Testosterone Therapy Improves Sexual Function After Radical Prostatectomy
    JAMA Internal Medicine ·Randomized Controlled Trial · May 13, 2026

    Testosterone Therapy Improves Sexual Function After Radical Prostatectomy

    A phase 2 trial shows 12 weeks of testosterone cypionate enhances libido and body composition without triggering biochemical recurrence.

  20. Children Witness Nearly Ten Percent of US Violent Deaths and Suicides
    JAMA Pediatrics ·Cohort Study · May 13, 2026

    Children Witness Nearly Ten Percent of US Violent Deaths and Suicides

    A CDC surveillance analysis reveals that most child-witnessed fatal events occur in homes and involve firearms or domestic conflict.

  21. Genetic Risk and Social Deprivation Drive Regional Drug Use Clusters
    Molecular Psychiatry ·Cohort Study · May 13, 2026

    Genetic Risk and Social Deprivation Drive Regional Drug Use Clusters

    A Swedish study of 5,983 districts finds that family genetic risk and community deprivation explain most geographic variation in addiction.

  22. Reduced Visit Pressure Increases Diagnosis Rates in Primary Care
    JAMA Internal Medicine ·Cohort Study · May 13, 2026

    Reduced Visit Pressure Increases Diagnosis Rates in Primary Care

    A study of 191,269 visits shows that relieving schedule constraints allows physicians to address more new and chronic clinical issues.

  23. Galectin-3 Inhibition Prevents Excitatory Synapse Loss in Murine Neuroinflammation Models
    Brain Research ·Animal Study · May 13, 2026

    Galectin-3 Inhibition Prevents Excitatory Synapse Loss in Murine Neuroinflammation Models

    Targeting microglial Galectin-3 preserves hippocampal gamma power and cognitive function by stopping the selective engulfment of synapses.

  24. Redlining and Modern Loan Denials Drive Chicago Firearm Homicides
    Annals of Surgery ·Cohort Study · May 13, 2026

    Redlining and Modern Loan Denials Drive Chicago Firearm Homicides

    Historical housing maps and current economic discrimination act as independent, measurable factors in urban firearm violence disparities.